Causes of Bursa Yýldýrým district mollaarap landslide and improvement studies

The slopes at the north of Uludað, where there is an unplanned and dense settlement, are also in a geologically critical stability. In this study, as a result of uncontrolled excavation on the slope in critical stability, a landslide event that lasted for approximately 10 days caused damageto its proximity. During this process, 8 acres of land were affected by uncontrolled excavation in the upper part of the slope and the deformations were increased and approximately 80 households were evacuated for security purposes. As a result of the researches and investigations made in the landslide field, the engineering geology model had been put forward. Geotechnical properties of geological units and the depth of slip surface were determined by field and laboratory studies. Prevention and support projects had been prepared according to these characteristics. As a first measure within the scope of the project, the construction of the support structure consisting of double rows of bored piles in the heel cut was then controlled by the production of a three levelled support structure. This project is a typical example where uncontrolled excavations without consideration of engineering geology and geotechnical conditions cause serious costs and other grievances. Similarly, uncontrolled initiatives have recently been increasing in our country.

Bursa Yýldýrým ilçesi Mollaarap heyelanýnýn nedenleri ve iyileþtirme çalýþmalarý

Uludað yükseliminin kuzey eteðindeki yüksek eðimli, plansýz ve yoðun yapýlaþmanýn olduðu yamaçlar jeolojik olarak da kritik dengede bulunmaktadýr. Bu çalýþmada kritik dengedeki yamaçta gerçekleþtirilen kontrolsüz kazý sonucunda yamaç dengesini bozularak yaklaþýk 10 gün süren bir heyelan olayý yaþanmýþtýr. Bu süreçte þevin üst kesiminde oturma ve deformasyonlar artmýþ kontrolsüz kazýdan 8 dönümlük alan etkilenmiþ ve bu kesimdeki yaklaþýk 80 ev güvenlik amacýyla boþaltýlmýþtýr. Heyelan sahasýnda yapýlan araþtýrma ve incelemeler sonucunda mühendislik jeolojisi modeli ortaya konulmuþtur. Arazi ve laboratuvar çalýþmalarý ile kayma yüzeyi, temel ve örtü birimlerin jeoteknik özellikleri saptanmýþtýr. Bu özeliklere göre önlem ve destek projeleri hazýrlanmýþtýr. Proje kapsamýnda ilk önlem olarak topuk kesimde çift sýra þaþýrtmalý fore kazýklardan oluþan destek yapýsýnýn imalatý daha sonra 3 kademe destek yapýsý imalatý ile heyelan kontrol altýna alýnmýþtýr. Mühendislik jeolojisi ve jeoteknik koþullar dikkate alýnmadan yapýlan kontrolsüz kazýlarýn ciddi maliyet ve diðer maðduriyetlere neden olduðu bu proje tipik bir örnek teþkil etmektedir. Benzer kontrolsüz giriþimler ne yazýk ki ülkemizde son dönemde artan bir oranda gündemi oluþturmaktadýr.