THE EFFECTS OF TEA WASTES ON SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITY AND NITRIFICATION

The research was carried out on tea wastes supplied from factories of General Directorate of Tea Enterprises. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of composted, enriched composted tea wastes along with coarse and fine tea wastes released by tea factories processing raw tea leaves into black tea, on soil enzyme activity and nitrification. Tea wastes were applied to pots of 200 g-soil capacity, at the rate of 0 %, 2.5 % and 5.0 % of the pot capacity in addition, 200 µg/g N, in the form of ammonia sulphate, was given to each pot. Soils were analysed for enzyme activities at the end of 1., 7., 14., and 28. day of incubation. Amount of NH+4 N and NO-3 N were determined for nitrification at the end of 1., 7., 14. and 28. day of incubation. Urease enzyme activity increased, depending on coarse and fine tea waste doses at the incubation periods of 1., 2. and 3. weeks, but decrease was monitored at 4.. week of the incubation. Whereas, alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity increased throughout the incubation period. The amount of NH+4 N in the soil diminished depending on different tea wastes and doses, yet NO -3 N in the soil showed no significant augmentation.

ÇAY ATIKLARININ TOPRAKTA ENZÝM AKTÝVÝTESÝ VE NÝTRÝFÝKASYON ÜZERÝNE ETKÝLERÝ

Araþtýrmada, Çay Ýþletmeleri Genel Müdürlüðü (Çaykur)'ne ait fabrikalardan 1992 kampanya dönemi sonunda elde edilen çay atýklarý üzerinde çalýþýlmýþtýr. Yaþ çay yapraklarýnýn fabrikalarda siyah çaya iþlenmesi sýrasýnda açýða çýkan kaba ve ince atýk ile birlikte, çay atýðýndan hazýrlanan kompost ve zenginleþtirilmiþ kompostun topraktaki enzim aktivitesi ve nitrifikasyon üzerine etkileri bu araþtýrmada belirlenmeye çalýþýlmýþtýr. Çay atýklarý, 200 g toprak alabilen saksýlara aðýrlýk esasýna göre % 0, % 2.5 ve % 5.0 dozlarýnda uygulanmýþtýr. Ayrýca saksýlara amonyum sülfat halinde 200 µg/g N verilmiþ ve 1., 7., 14., 28. gün inkübasyon sürelerinin sonunda topraðýn enzim analizleri yapýlmýþtýr. Nitrifikasyonun belirlenebilmesi için de 1., 7., 14., 28. gün sonunda NH+4-N ve NO-3 -N'u tayin edilmiþtir. Topraðýn incelenen biyolojik özelliklerinden üreaz enzim aktivitesi, ince ve kaba çay atýðý dozlarýna ve 1., 2. ve 3. haftalýk inkübasyon süresine baðlý olarak artarken 4. haftada azalmýþ olup, alkali fosfotaz enzim aktivitesi inkübasyon süresi boyunca artmýþtýr. Topraðýn NH+4 -N’u miktarý farklý çay atýklarý ve dozlarýna baðlý olarak azalmýþ, buna karþýlýk NO-3 -N'unda çay atýðý ilavesinde zamana baðlý olarak dikkate deðer bir artýþ meydana gelmiþtir.