Rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelere kabaran alev geciktirici ilavesinin yanma direnci ve zararlý emisyon oluþumuna etkilerinin incelenmesi

Bu çalýþmada, amonyum polifosfat/pentaeritritolden (2/1) oluþan kabaran alev geciktiricinin % 5, 10 ve 15 oranlarýnda rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelere ilave edilmesinin yanma direnci ve zararlý emisyon oluþumuna etkileri konik kalorimetre testleri ile incelemeye alýnmýþtýr. Köpük malzeme içerisinde kabaran alev geciktirici miktarýnýn artmasýna baðlý olarak yanma direncinde artýþ tespit edilmiþtir. Ayrýca, yine alev geciktirici miktarý artýþýna baðlý olarak malzemenin yanma sýrasýnda oluþturduðu ve insanlarýn boðulmasý ve zehirlenmesine sebep olan is, karbon monoksit ve azot monoksit emisyonlarýnýn da farklý oranlarda azaldýðý belirlenmiþtir. Rijit poliüretan köpüðe % 15 oranýnda kabaran alev geciktirici ilavesinin, toplam ýsý yayýlým miktarýnýn yaklaþýk olarak % 40 oranýnda azalmasýna ve maksimum azot monoksit emisyonu da 9 ppm’in altýna düþmesine sebep olmuþtur. Bu kapsamda, bu çalýþmada sentezlenen kabaran alev geciktiricinin, rijit poliüretan köpük malzemeler için yanma direncinin ve zararlý emisyonlarýn iyileþtirilmesini saðlamasýndan dolayý etkili bir alev geciktirici olarak tercih edilebileceði sonucuna varýlmýþtýr.

Investigation into the effects of intumescent flame retardant addition on flame resistance and harmful emissions of rigid polyurethane foams

In this study, an intumescent flame retardant composed of ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol (2/1) was incorporated in rigid polyurethane foams in 5, 10 and 15 wt %. Effects of the intumescent flame retardant additions on the flame resistance and harmful emissions of the foams were investigated by using cone calorimeter tests. It was determined that the flame resistance of the foam was significantly increased with the addition of the intumescent flame retardant. Furthermore, smoke, carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide emissions causing suffocation and poisoning were decreased in different ratios with the addition of the intumescent flame retardant. The addition of 15 wt % the intumescent flame retardant into rigid polyurethane foam resulted in approximately 40 % decrease in the total heat released value and reduced the nitrogen monoxide emission to less than 9 ppm. In this content, it was concluded that the intumescent flame retardant synthesized in this study can be preferred as an effective flame retardant material for rigid polyurethane foams due to ensuring better enhancement of flame resistance and harmful emissions.