Üniversite laboratuvarlarýnda iç ortam çevre kalitesi

Bu çalýþmada, farklý amaçlar için kullanýlan üniversite laboratuvarlarýnda iç ortam çevre kalitesi belirlenmiþtir. Bu kapsamda, 5 farklý laboratuvarda 8 saat süreyle termal konfor (sýcaklýk, rölatif nem, hava hýzý, aydýnlatma) ve karbon dioksit (CO2) parametreleri ölçülmüþ, quartz filtrelere solunabilir partikül (PM4, 4 mikrondan küçük partiküller) örneklemesi yapýlmýþtýr. Filtrede örneklenen tozun kütlesel konsantrasyonlarý belirlenmiþ, daha sonra filtrelere ayrýþtýrma iþlemi uygulanmýþ ve Grafit Atomik Absorpsiyon Spektrometresi ile Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn ve Pb elementlerinin konsantrasyonlarý tespit edilmiþtir. 8-saatlik ortalama PM4 konsantrasyonlarýnýn 57.0-186.3 µg/m3 aralýðýnda deðiþtiði belirlenmiþ ve en yüksek ortalama konsantrasyon piroliz ve katý atýk yakma faaliyetlerinin yapýldýðý Lab C’de gözlenmiþtir. 8-saatlik ortalama CO2 konsantrasyonlarýnýn 484-666 ppm arasýnda deðiþtiði, laboratuvar dersi sýrasýnda CO2 konsantrasyonunun Lab B’de 2000 ppm’e ulaþtýðý ve limit deðeri (1000 ppm) aþtýðý gözlenmiþtir. Laboratuvarlarda 8-saatlik ortalama sýcaklýk, rölatif nem, aydýnlatma ve hava hýzý’nýn sýrasýyla 22.0-24.0 0C, 21.8-41.2 %, 156-415 Lux ve 0.05-0.10 m/s arasýnda deðiþtiði görülmüþtür. Tüm laboratuvarlarda aydýnlatma seviyelerinin standart ile uyumlu olmadýðý görülmüþtür (500-750 Lux). Katýlýmýn yüksek olduðu laboratuvar derslerinde pencere veya kapýlarýn açýlmasý CO2 artýþýný engelleyebilir. Tüm laboratuvarlardaki aydýnlatma sistemi iyileþtirilmelidir. Havalandýrma oranlarýný ve partiküllerin filtrasyonunu artýrmak için davlumbaz egzoz fan sisteminin kullanýlmasý da tavsiye edilebilir.

Indoor environmental quality in the university laboratories

This study presents the indoor environmental quality in the university laboratories which are used for different purposes. Within this aim, thermal comfort parameters (temperature, relative humidity, air speed, lighting), carbon dioxide (CO2) were monitored and respirable particles (PM4, smaller than 4 µm) were collected on the quartz filter in five laboratories for 8 hours. The mass concentration of the dust collected on filter were determined, after that the filters were decomposed, and elemental analysis were performed for Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn and Pb elements using by Graphite Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. It was determined that the 8-hour average PM4 concentrations varied between 57.0-186.3 µg/m3, the highest average PM4 concentration was observed in Lab C where pyrolyze and solid waste combustion activities were performed. It was observed that the average 8-hour CO2 concentrations varied between 484-666 ppm and during the laboratory lesson, CO2 concentration raised to 2000 ppm in Lab B and exceeded the limit value of 1000 ppm. The 8-hour average temperature, relative humidity, lighting, and air velocity in all laboratories changed between 22.0-24.0 0C, 21.8-41.2%, 156-415 Lux and 0.05-0.10 m/s, respectively. We observed that lighting level in the laboratories did not comply with the standard (500-750 Lux). Opening of windows or door might be prevent increasing of CO2 during laboratory lesson with high occupancy. The lighting system in all laboratories should be improved. We also recommend that using of hood exhaust fan system to increase ventilation rates and filtration of particles.